Why are women made chief executives in troubled companies ?
It is more likely that in difficult situations people will-give a leadership roule to a woman or a member of a minority group but such situations leave leader in a vulnerable position.
When Carol Bartz was appointed Chief Executive Officer of Yahoo Company in January 2009 the Internet company was struggling. Carroll was given position under a contract for a period of four years & presented a strategic plan to improve conditions of the company but in September 2011 just 02 years & eight after joining the company. Months later Yahoo chairman of the board made a telephone call to him resigning from position.
Alison Cook professor of management at Utah State University in the US America says They did not even give him time to implement his strategic plan.
Carol Bartz is one of countless female leaders who were given a precarious position of leadership & stood in perilous situations on the cutting edge of difficult situations without support these situations are now called glasses. Cliffs are situations when leadership is given to a woman or a minority person during a company or political crisis.
Research shows that women and people from ethnic minorities are more likely to be chosen to lead a company sports team or even country when that company or country is in crisis. . While glass cliff positions may provide an opportunity for some leaders to prove their worth these opportunities mainly lead to downfalls including nervous tension overwork & loss of their professional careers. There is a possibility of fluctuation.
In 2003 journalist Elizabeth Judge writing in the British English newspaper The Times citing data said that the FTSE 100 companies of the London Stock Exchange-have performed worse than men on their boards. What and then claimed that women in United Kingdom British firms pushing beyond the limits of their potential growth that is breaking the glass ceiling destroyed companies performance & share prices.
Later research found that similar glass cliff appointments were seen in politics sports & elsewhere in crisis situations. In such crisis situations appointments were made not only to women but also to members of minority groups who would not normally have the opportunity for promotion or appointment & who are generally underrepresented at leadership levels.
Research by Cook & his colleague Christy Glass found that racial minority coaches on American college men basketball teams were more likely to be promoted to losing teams than white coaches. The researchers also analyzed promotion patterns at Fortune 500 companies over a 15 year period & found that compared to white men white women & both men & women in distressed firms. More likely to be appointed as Chief Executive Officer CEO.
In the 2005 UK general election female Conservative Party candidates contested more difficult seats than their male counterparts. Black & minority ethnic Conservative candidates faced similar glass cliff situations in United Kingdom UK 3 general elections.
Glass Cliff situation is seen in companies sports teams & even in the politics of countries.
Glass Cliff phenomenon is also seen in other types of experiments. When 80 undergraduate students were asked in a survey who they would choose as a hypothetical candidate for a safe seat or an opposition seat in a United Kingdom by-election survey participants were more likely to choose safe. A man for the seat and the opposition seat for which the chances of success are low shall nominate a woman as a candidate.
But this phenomenon is not seen everywhere & after failing to find a glass cliff in United Kingdom & German companies some researchers have gone so far as to dismiss A as a mere myth.
Ryan who is now director of the Global Institute for Women Leadership at the Australian National University says the lack of a global glass cliff reinforces that its existence depends on many factors. Our research does not suggest that every woman faces a Glass Cliff scenario or that non men hold high risk leadership positions but that women are overrepresented in Glass Cliff positions she says. are.
Thekla Morgenrath of Purdue University in the US state of Indiana and colleagues took data from 74 existing research reports in 2020 and conducted a meta analysis in which they found that evidence for the glass cliff phenomenon was mixed.
In empirical studies women were more likely than men to be chosen as leaders during times of crisis & this effect was more pronounced in countries with high gender inequality. But when the analysis looked at real world data it did not find glass cliff conditions in the management of countries in particular particularly where the phenomenon was first observed although the glass cliff trend was-seen in politics & education & in the not for profit sectors.
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It could be that there is no such thing as a glass cliff at the management level or that there are more factors & more nuances to this issue that we have not picked up yet says Morgenrath. It may be that in some areas it is no longer a problem for example thanks to joint action or that it only exists in some countries & not in others because of cultural differences.
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